Faces of Adaptation: Meet Linda Anderson-Carnahan

Linda Anderson-Carnahan has worked for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the past 35 years and has been a longtime member of the NW CASC’s Stakeholder Advisory Committee. During her career with the EPA, Linda worked in the Southeast and Midwest regions before moving to the Pacific Northwest region. In this time, she also conducted details with EPA’s Office of Research and Development, the Office of the Chief Financial Officer and the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. Most recently, Linda served as the Director of the Region 10 Laboratory Services and Applied Science Division. 

Linda’s experience includes both staff and management positions in the areas of air and water quality, toxicity and risk assessment, pollution prevention, strategic planning, interagency and cooperative agreement management, and in the Puget Sound, Superfund and Brownfields programs. She holds a B.S. from Northland College in Ashland, Wisconsin, and an M.S. in Public Health from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Linda will retire from the EPA at the end of this month. An avid outdoors person, she plans to spend time outside cycling, backpacking, kayaking, skiing and mountaineering, as well as volunteering for environmental causes. The NW CASC wants to thank Linda for her long career of public service and for her contributions on the NW CASC Stakeholder Advisory Committee! 

What led you to work in the field of climate adaptation?

The EPA Pacific Northwest Region (Region 10) initially placed climate change work in its science office where I was located. Since the science office has a broad focus across programs, this placement made sense since the impacts of climate change cross water, land and air. The science office worked across programs to determine how they could integrate climate adaptation considerations into their work. 

What does your day-to-day work look like?

As the Director of EPA Region 10’s Laboratory Services and Applied Science Division, I work with my colleagues to provide our partners in different programs with the technical support and data they need to make decisions about environmental and public health protection. We provide chemical and microbial laboratory analyses, quality assurance, air and water modeling and monitoring, human health and ecological risk assessment, and hydrogeology and geochemistry. These services support our air, water, Superfund, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Brownfields, Tribal and enforcement programs, as well as their state and Tribal partners. 

How does your organization support climate resilience in the Northwest?

I was the Executive Sponsor for Region 10’s cross-program Climate, Energy and Sustainability (CES) Team. The CES Team developed a draft action plan that proposes the following actions to build a strong foundation for climate work: integrate climate considerations into all program decisions; leverage financial incentives and funding mechanisms to address climate change; assist communities in climate mitigation, adaptation and sustainability; and build sustainable operations. 

What is your favorite thing about your work?

I am passionate about science and environmental protection and I believe that climate change is one of the greatest risks we face. I enjoy working to increase awareness about climate change and the actions that each of us can take to address it.


Register for our Next Spring Webinar: Collaborative Fire Management Case Studies from the Colville National Forest

In this webinar, USFS fire ecologist and tribal liaison Monique Wynecoop will share two case studies from the Colville National Forest, in which the Spokane and Colville Tribes and non-tribal partners conducted collaborative, interdisciplinary fire management projects that incorporated diverse values, cultures and knowledges to meet multiple fire management goals. Monique will share lessons learned for building trust with tribal communities and conducting collaborative fire management through a restorative justice lens with tribes as beneficiaries.


Coral Avery’s New Position as Natural Resource Specialist for BIA Tribal Resilience Program and NW CASC

We are excited to announce that Coral Avery, former Bureau of Indian Affairs Pathways Program Intern with the Affiliated Tribes of Northwest Indians (ATNI) and NW CASC, is starting a new position as Natural Resource Specialist for the BIA Tribal Resilience Program and the NW CASC!

Coral Avery (they/she) is a Shawnee Tribal citizen and recent graduate from Oregon State University where they earned a double degree in Human Dimensions of Natural Resources and Sustainability. During their degree program, Coral was accepted to the BIA Pathways Program where they were placed with the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians for the summer of 2019 in Tribal Forestry and Healthy Traditions. From June 2020 to April 2021, they continued the BIA Pathways internship virtually with ATNI and NW CASC, where they focused on Indigenous youth climate programs and published their first scientific papers.

As a graduate, Coral has begun an interagency agreement this April with the BIA and USGS where they now serve as Natural Resource Specialist for the BIA Tribal Resilience Program and USGS NW CASC. Here, they will continue to work with partner organizations, including ATNI, and tribes on scientific papers, grant proposals and tribal climate adaptation efforts.


Fish Rescue in a Changing Climate

Young coho salmon
Source: Jonny Armstrong

Life as a salmon is tough. Salmon travel long distances from stream to sea and back again, meeting obstacles every step of the way. As climate change alters their habitats, their journeys are expected to become even more challenging. Droughts are projected to intensify, which may make it harder for Northwest streams to rear salmon and other stream-dwelling fish. As natural resource managers contend with this reality in their work to protect at-risk species like salmon, there is increasing interest in species management interventions. New NW CASC research set out to evaluate a controversial strategy called “fish rescue”, which has potential to help fish cope with seasonal stream drying, but until now, has been largely unexplored as a climate adaptation strategy. 

Drought may cause some seasonal streams in the Northwest to dry up

In the Northwest, many watersheds receive their water from rainfall (as opposed to  groundwater), making them especially sensitive to drought. The projected intensification of drought may cause some seasonal streams that provide rearing habitat for at-risk species like the endangered coho salmon to experience longer and more severe periods of drying, resulting in stream fragmentation. This is prompting managers to consider intervention strategies such as “fish rescue” to help salmonid populations cope with increasing stream drying expected under climate change.

Fish rescue is a potential strategy for helping fish deal with drought

“Fish rescue” involves capturing fish during times of seasonal environmental stress and rearing them in captivity until habitat conditions improve and they can be released back to their stream. In contrast with other management interventions like fish salvage, intended to protect fish from immediate threats that may last only a few days, or assisted migration, a longer-term strategy designed to expand a species’ range, fish rescue occurs at an intermediate timescale (monthly or annual) that better matches the seasonality of environmental stressors that stream-dwelling fish are experiencing. 

To evaluate the effectiveness of fish rescue, which has not been well studied until now, NW CASC researchers developed a coho life cycle model and a corresponding interactive web app that sheds light on the benefits and risks of fish rescue. This simulation model compares different scenarios of fish rescue to understand their potential effects on coho salmon population dynamics. Rescue scenarios vary based on the quantities of rescued fish, time in captivity, drought severity and other factors. NW CASC researchers used this model to evaluate an existing fish rescue program in southwestern Washington.

Considering context and tradeoffs is key

Isolated stream pool
Isolated stream pool
Source: Jonathan Armstrong, Oregon State University

Research results show both benefits and risks of fish rescue, depending on the context. When young fish are held in captivity for a full year, the model suggests that fish rescue is capable of increasing the abundance of returning adult fish, thereby lowering extinction risk. However, if fish are only held for a summer and there is limited winter habitat, fish rescue has the potential to decrease the abundance of adults, thereby increasing extinction risk. The interactive R Shiny app (freely available online through the link below) produced through this research allows users to populate the life cycle model with data and parameters for specific fish populations of interest. This can help managers better understand how populations may respond to fish rescue programs.

Like any management decision, deciding whether to employ fish rescue requires understanding the context and weighing the tradeoffs. On the one hand, fish rescue may increase fish abundance under certain conditions and help save fish from temporary threats and poor conditions. On the other hand, fish rescue could negatively affect fish survival and may not help them adapt to an altered future. 

Read the paper

Check out the application

Read the Hakai Magazine piece on this paper


Faces of Adaptation: Meet John Tull

Dr. John Tull is the Nevada Science Coordinator for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Science Applications program and serves on the NW CASC Stakeholder Advisory Committee. He has been working in the Great Basin and other desert ecosystems for more than two decades.

After earning his bachelor’s degree  in Forest Wildlife Management from Stephen F. Austin University in Texas, John worked in the Sonoran Desert studying desert mule deer for his master’s before moving to Nevada and completing his doctorate at the University of Nevada, Reno. He subsequently worked on sage-grouse and sagebrush conservation at various NGOs for several years and then joined the Nevada Department of Wildlife for several more years.

John brings a science-based perspective for achieving positive, conservation-oriented outcomes for wildlife and their habitats. He is particularly interested in the interface of science, policy and management.

What led you to work in the field of climate adaptation?

I have been working on wildlife conservation in the Great Basin and other desert ecosystems for most of my career. I recognized the importance of understanding and incorporating climate science and climate adaptation into landscape-scale conservation while working on my dissertation. The value of climate science to inform strategic and durable conservation and restoration investments on the ground is all too obvious and important if we wish to be successful in protecting our native biodiversity.

What does your day-to-day work look like?

Like many people over the last 12 months, my day-to-day work has included too many virtual meetings. In all seriousness, my activities involve a lot of coordination and capacity sharing with the many partners that I collaborate with to meet my agency mission. These activities include many facets like scoping our most critical science needs, reviewing research proposals for funding partners, sharing knowledge and expertise in collaborative conservation venues and partnering with scientists to promote actionable outcomes from research activities.

How does your organization support climate resilience in the Northwest?

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is engaged in climate resiliency in the Northwest well beyond my scope of expertise. My specific role in the Northwest is to bring knowledge of sagebrush and high-desert ecosystems to help expand the capacity of partner agencies and organizations for meeting our shared goals to promote climate resilience across all Northwest landscapes.

What is your favorite thing about your work?

My favorite thing about my work is working collaboratively with so many dedicated and brilliant colleagues, across all walks of life, towards common objectives of conserving our incredible natural heritage. The passion that I can share with others keeps me inspired and energized.


Register Today! Upcoming NW CASC Webinar: Cultural Burning and Collaborative Fire Research and Management: Approaches for Respectfully Partnering with Tribes

In this webinar, USFS Research Scientist Dr. Frank Lake will discuss the historical context of cultural burning, clarify misconceptions about cultural burning, and present a decolonizing framework for fire management as a grounding for modern approaches to collaborative fire management that achieve shared values and resource objectives.


NW CASC Presents at 11th Annual, First-Time Virtual Northwest Climate Conference

The University of Washington Climate Impacts Group, host of the National Climate Adaptation Science Center (NW CASC), will be hosting the 11th annual, first-time virtual Northwest Climate Conference (NWCC) this week (April 6-8, 2021)! For over a decade, this conference has provided a networking and learning community for practitioners, scientists, tribal members and community organizers interested in climate change impacts and adaptation in the Northwest. The NWCC is committed to supporting equitable climate adaptation outcomes and building equity and diversity in climate science, policy, and adaptation practice.

If you’re attending, don’t miss presentations from our NW CASC community of Fellows, researchers and staff! You can also view the complete schedule here.

NW CASC Presentations:

Day 1  |  Tuesday, April 6

 

Intergovernmental Careers Mentoring Sessions | 9:10-9:40

Chas Jones; Tribal Liaison, Affiliated Tribes of NW Indians/NW Climate Adaptation Science Center
Kris Metzger; NW CASC Deputy/Inventory and Monitoring Coordinator, US Fish And Wildlife Service/USGS

Concurrent Morning Sessions | 9:40-10:40 AM

Ecosystems & Species 1: Wildlife
Rachel Malison, former NW CASC Fellow: Tolerance of alpine stoneflies to a changing climate: local adaptation and gene flow in mountaintop environments
Charles Van Rees, current NW CASC Fellow: Using machine learning to stay one step ahead of aquatic invasive species

Infrastructure and Coastal Impacts 1: Coastal Community Impacts and Adaptation
Laura Nelson, former NW CASC Fellow: Perceptions of vulnerability in U.S. West Coast fishing communities

Hydrology and Water Resources 1: Fisheries
Caroline Walls, former NW CASC Fellow: Stream habitat and juvenile salmon response to restoration

Concurrent Afternoon Sessions | 12:40-1:40 PM

Infrastructure and Coastal Impacts 3: Special Session
Guillaume Mauger, NW CASC Researcher & colleagues: Climate-Adapted Culvert Design in Washington State: From Science to Policy

Hydrology and Water Resources 3: Water Supply and Streamflow
James Robinson, former NW CASC Fellow: Modeling how climate change will affect peak flows in a transitional rain-snow watershed in Western Washington

Lightning Talks | 1:40-2:10 PM

Lightning talks are available to view in advance so that participants can use the allotted time to network and ask questions of the presenters, who will be available in their designated rooms.

Callie Puntenney, current NW CASC fellow: Using local knowledge of rangelands to inform flexible management in a changing climate

Concurrent Afternoon Sessions | 2:10-3:10 PM

Ecosystems and Species 2: Large-Scale Conservation Planning
Meade Krosby, NW CASC University Deputy Director: The Cascadia Conservation Climate Adaptation Strategy: A collaborative, large-landscape approach to adaptation planning and implementation


Day 2  |  Wednesday, April 7

 

University/Research Careers Mentoring Session | 9:40-10:10 AM

Amy Snover; University Director, NW CASC / Director, UW Climate Impacts Group / Research Scientist
Erica Fleishman; Professor, Oregon State University  / NW CASC researcher
Guillaume Mauger; Research Scientist, UW Climate Impacts Group / NW CASC researcher

Concurrent Morning Sessions | 10:10-11:40 AM

Ecosystems and Species 3: Special Session
Paul Heimowitz; Rachel Gregg, NW CASC researcher; Jennifer Gervais; Donovan Bell, former NW CASC fellow; Clint Muhfeld, NW CASC researcher: The Northwest Regional Invasive Species and Climate Change Network – Addressing a Challenging One-Two Punch for Management

Wildfire, Smoke, and Forest 1: Special Session
Matt Germino, NW CASC researcher; Cara Applestein, former NW CASC fellow; and colleagues: Ecological Drought and Recovery of Sagebrush After Wildfire

Concurrent Afternoon Sessions | 12:30-1:30 PM

Wildfire, Smoke, and Forest 2: Special Session
Mary Ann Rozance, NW CASC Postdoctoral Scholar; Kimberley Davis, NW CASC researcher; Meade Krosby, NW CASC University Deputy Director; Monique Wynecoop; Drew Lyons, former NW CASC fellow; Katie Swensen, former NW CASC fellow : Managing post-fire, climate-induced vegetation transitions in the Northwest: A synthesis of existing knowledge and research needs

Lightning Talks | 1:30-2:00 PM

Lightning talks are available to view in advance so that participants can use the allotted time to network and ask questions of the presenters, who will be available in their designated rooms.

Callie Puntenney, current NW CASC fellow: Using local knowledge of rangelands to inform flexible management in a changing climate


Day 3  |  Thursday, April 8

 

Concurrent Morning Sessions | 9:30-10:30 AM

Wildfire, Smoke, and Forest 4: Wildfire
Katie Swensen, former NW CASC fellow: Reburns impact the hydraulic performance of moist, mixed-conifer saplings — but does it matter?

Concurrent Morning Sessions | 10:50-11:50 AM

Forests and Climate Mitigation 1: Forest Health
Meridith McClure, former NW CASC fellow: Climate-based seed deployment zones for the Pacific Northwest

Lightning Talks | 1:20-1:40 PM

Lightning talks are available to view in advance so that participants can use the allotted time to network and ask questions of the presenters, who will be available in their designated rooms.

Callie Puntenney, current NW CASC fellow: Using local knowledge of rangelands to inform flexible management in a changing climate

Concurrent Afternoon Sessions | 1:40-2:40 PM

Climate Variability and Change 4: Data Applications
Lindsay Thurman, NW CASC Researcher : Applying assessments of adaptive capacity to inform conservation planning in a changing climate


TONIGHT! Join the UW Climate Impacts Group lecture, The Next Twenty-Five Years: Building a Climate-Resilient Future

The University of Washington Climate Impacts Group, host of the Northwest Climate Adaptation Science Center, is presenting its third and final virtual lecture in its 25th anniversary series – The Next 25 Years: Building a Climate-Resilient Future — tonight at 5 p.m. PT.

This event will highlight Climate Impacts Group scientists and staff as they share their vision for the future. It aims to inspire, ignite and unite our scientists, partners and community members in working toward a climate-resilient future.